I will present the subject again, having taken new photos, and accompany it with the necessary historical information.
The first base represents Alexander the Great and his personal guard.
Alexander III of Macedon (356 BC – 323 BC), known as Alexander the Great, was a Greek king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia. He succeeded his father, Philip II, on the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his reign conducting a long military campaign across Western Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwest India. He was undefeated in battle and is therefore widely regarded as one of the greatest and most successful generals in history(Wikipedia).

Alexander was a strategic genius. The tactics he used are still taught in modern military schools. He combined the use of light and heavy troops and he would change his plan during the battle according to its conditions.
At the Battle of Gaugamela (331B.C.) the Companion cavalry executed a tactical maneuver by making a 120 degree turn, breaking through the enemy lines, coming straight to the head of the Persian Army.
At the siege of Tyre (332B.C.), siege art reaches its peak.
At Hydaspes(326B.C.) Alexander effected the perfect encirclement of the Indian army.
In Egypt he was proclaimed pharaoh and worshiped as a god (every time I say this I shudder).
The figure of Alexander is influenced by the mosaic of Pompeii which represents the battle of Issus.

Love it! :) ... and I love the historical background presented.

One thing though, I recently read that Alexandre might not have been blond, but that the fresco you show is made some time later, and influenced by what others thought was beauty. Ethnically there is little reason to present him as blond. However it is very artistic and lives up to our expectations depicting him like this. But you are Greek, what do you think of this theory?

Thank you very much Claus, this needs analysis. I will answer in detail tomorrow.

Bravo Georges, très belle plaquette.

Merci beaucoup Stéphane.

Well Claus, to begin with I will state that the royal Macedonian dynasty (and therefore Alexander) came from the royal family of Argos, which had a mythical ancestor Heracles (Argos is a Greek city in southern Greece). For this reason historians call the kings of the Macedonian dynasty, Argeades. Historians of the time, Herodotus, Thucydides and Isocrates agree that the origin of the Macedonian royal house comes from Argos. This is also proven by a number of archaeological finds.

Secondly, the dichotomy about Alexander is not whether he was blond or dark. The dispute is whether he was blonde or red-haired. There were ancient writers who wrote that he was blond like Plutarch and Aelianus (Roman orator) but they lived many years after Alexander.
However, a fresco depicting a hunting scene was found in Philip's tomb. One figure in the fresco is believed by historians to depict the young Alexander before he became king. In this representation, Alexander has exactly the same color in his hair as in the Pompeian mosaic, i.e. brown.

In Greece we don't have the typical blond people but we have the brown-blonde ones, just like Alexander was.
Where could a study be based that would say he was dark? In which ancient source? or in which archaeological find?

I don't know that exactly. As I alluded to, I remember reading/hearing it, but not where...

These theories have no historical basis. They are similar to the theory that Cleopatra was African. There was a series like that on netflix I think. Cleopatra the Seventh of Egypt was the last descendant of the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty. Ptolemy was Alexander the Great's bodyguard and founded the eponymous dynasty in Egypt. Especially for the Ptolemies we know that not only did they not mix with the Egyptians or the Nubians but also with other Greeks who were not kings. It was an incestuous dynasty.

Bonjour,
Oui cette série Netflix qui représente Cleopatre 7 en " noir" - l'actrice ayant toutefois des traits du visage assez fins - mais aussi des membres nombreux de son entourage (cour) avec des Africains de type subsaharien - du genre "congolais" - a fait " couler beaucoup d'encre..."
A décharge, il semble que la mère de Cleopatre était d'origine inconnue, une courtisane (?) d'origine (ethnique) égyptienne..?
Donc la dernière reine d'Égypte n'avait peut être pas un profil tout à fait "européen"..(ou disons de type "grec").
Quand à la population égyptienne elle même, selon moi elle était très mélangée, métissée...avec 1 substrat majoritairement"africain".

Tell me if I’m mistaken, I had learned that the population of Greece was a mix of consecutive migrant waves coming from the north and thus finding blond people wouldn’t have been impossible especially in Macedon. I also read that now in Afghanistan and other countries conquered by Alexander it was not unusual to find people with blond hair and green eyes, which would mean that indeed an important part of macedonians was blond

Zitat von Kallik im Beitrag #11

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Tell me if I’m mistaken, I had learned that the population of Greece was a mix of consecutive migrant waves coming from the north and thus finding blond people wouldn’t have been impossible especially in Macedon. I also read that now in Afghanistan and other countries conquered by Alexander it was not unusual to find people with blond hair and green eyes, which would mean that indeed an important part of macedonians was blond

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Zitat von Gast im Beitrag #10

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Bonjour,
Oui cette série Netflix qui représente Cleopatre 7 en " noir" - l'actrice ayant toutefois des traits du visage assez fins - mais aussi des membres nombreux de son entourage (cour) avec des Africains de type subsaharien - du genre "congolais" - a fait " couler beaucoup d'encre..."
A décharge, il semble que la mère de Cleopatre était d'origine inconnue, une courtisane (?) d'origine (ethnique) égyptienne..?
Donc la dernière reine d'Égypte n'avait peut être pas un profil tout à fait "européen"..(ou disons de type "grec").
Quand à la population égyptienne elle même, selon moi elle était très mélangée, métissée...avec 1 substrat majoritairement"africain".

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Zitat von Kallik im Beitrag #11

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Tell me if I’m mistaken, I had learned that the population of Greece was a mix of consecutive migrant waves coming from the north and thus finding blond people wouldn’t have been impossible especially in Macedon. I also read that now in Afghanistan and other countries conquered by Alexander it was not unusual to find people with blond hair and green eyes, which would mean that indeed an important part of macedonians was blond

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Zitat von Kallik im Beitrag #11

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Tell me if I’m mistaken, I had learned that the population of Greece was a mix of consecutive migrant waves coming from the north and thus finding blond people wouldn’t have been impossible especially in Macedon. I also read that now in Afghanistan and other countries conquered by Alexander it was not unusual to find people with blond hair and green eyes, which would mean that indeed an important part of macedonians was blond

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Zitat von Kallik im Beitrag #11

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Tell me if I’m mistaken, I had learned that the population of Greece was a mix of consecutive migrant waves coming from the north and thus finding blond people wouldn’t have been impossible especially in Macedon. I also read that now in Afghanistan and other countries conquered by Alexander it was not unusual to find people with blond hair and green eyes, which would mean that indeed an important part of macedonians was blond

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Thank you very much for your answer. I am indeed no specialist and your answer was very interesting

Zitat von Kallik im Beitrag #17

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Thank you very much for your answer. I am indeed no specialist and your answer was very interesting

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Another question:

I read that "Bucephalus was Alexander's horse and one of the most famous horses in world history. He was described as being black with a large white star on his forehead"

Here: https://www.colorado.edu/classics/2018/0...-and-bucephalus

I noticed that he is not riding that color horse. So this must place him in the latter part of his conquests? Right?

Zitat von cernief im Beitrag #19

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Another question:

I read that "Bucephalus was Alexander's horse and one of the most famous horses in world history. He was described as being black with a large white star on his forehead"

Here: https://www.colorado.edu/classics/2018/0...-and-bucephalus

I noticed that he is not riding that color horse. So this must place him in the latter part of his conquests? Right?

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The second base represents general Parmenion.
Parmenion (400 BC - 330 BC) was the best general of Philip and Alexander the Great and his end was ignoble and not worthy of his contribution.
He was Philip's most trusted and capable general and his virtues were also appreciated by Alexander.
In the three great battles against the Persians, Granicus 334 BC, Issus 333 BC and Gaugamela 331 BC, he was the commander of the entire left wing of the Macedonian army while the command of the center and the right wing belonged directly to Alexander. Parmenion was in fact number 2 in the hierarchy of the Macedonian army.



In the battle of Gaugamela, the left flank of the Macedonians came under unbearable pressure from the Persians and was in danger of collapsing. Parmenion managed to keep his composure until Alexander came for help.
In 330 BC he was summarily executed by Alexander because he was believed to be involved in a conspiracy against him.
What is the truth?
Alexander adopted the habits of the conquered peoples. The Macedonian nobles did not like this. Philotas, son of Parmenion, took part in a conspiracy against Alexander. Filotas confessed that in the past they had thought with his father about the assassination of Alexander but in this conspiracy his father did not participate. This confession was enough for Parmenion's execution without trial. Fair or unfair that is the story.

Encore une très belle plaquette.

Le terrain est bien rendu, mais attention aux chevaux avec ses rochers dissimulés au travers les hautes herbes.

Thank's for the information.
I didn't know that Parmenion was executed like his soon Filotas.
A good film - "Alexander" (2004) of Oliver Stone: incredible scenes of the battle of Gaugamele and in this film we can see precisely Parmenion as the commander of this left wing..(phalanx).

Zitat von Brist im Beitrag #22

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Encore une très belle plaquette.

Le terrain est bien rendu, mais attention aux chevaux avec ses rochers dissimulés au travers les hautes herbes.

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Zitat von Gast im Beitrag #23

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Thank's for the information.
I didn't know that Parmenion was executed like his soon Filotas.
A good film - "Alexander" (2004) of Oliver Stone: incredible scenes of the battle of Gaugamele and in this film we can see precisely Parmenion as the commander of this left wing..(phalanx).

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